DR ABC – Explained

DR ABC is a simple first-aid emergency response acronym used in the UK (and many other places) to remind people of the vital steps to take when you first come across a casualty.
DR ABC

When you arrive at the scene of a collision, your first priority is to keep everyone safe and give help if needed.
The DVSA expects learners to know basic first-aid steps, but not to act like a paramedic.

Here’s the simple version for driving theory test learners:

D – Danger

  • Before you do anything, check for danger.
  • Switch off your engine, put on hazard warning lights, and keep yourself safe from traffic, fire, or broken glass.
  • Never put yourself at risk – you can’t help anyone if you become another casualty.

R – Response

  • Check if the injured person is conscious.
  • Gently ask, “Are you alright?”
  • If they don’t respond, they may need urgent help.

A – Airway

  • Make sure their airway is clear.
  • If they are unconscious, gently tilt their head back and lift the chin – this stops the tongue blocking the airway.
DR ABC is a simple first-aid emergency response acronym used in the UK (and many other places) to remind people of the vital steps to take when you first come across a casualty.
DR ABC

B – Breathing

  • Look, listen and feel for breathing for up to 10 seconds.
    • Look for chest movement
    • Listen for breathing sounds
    • Feel for breath on your cheek

C – Circulation (or CPR if not breathing)

  • If they are not breathing normally, call 999 immediately.
  • Begin CPR:
    • 30 chest compressions (in the centre of the chest)
    • 2 rescue breaths (if trained and confident)
    • If not confident, just keep going with chest compressions until help arrives.
DR ABC is a simple first-aid emergency response acronym used in the UK (and many other places) to remind people of the vital steps to take when you first come across a casualty.
DR ABC Poster image

✅ Extra points for the Driving Theory Test:

  • Always call 999 as soon as possible.
  • Don’t move a casualty unless they are in immediate danger (e.g. car fire).
  • If a motorcyclist is involved, do not remove their helmet unless it’s essential to keep their airway open.
  • Keep the casualty warm and calm until help arrives.

This way, DR ABC gives learners a step-by-step plan that’s easy to remember under stress, while fitting neatly into what the DVSA expects.

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