ADI Free Test #1

As you approach traffic lights that have been on green for some time, anticipate that they'll soon change. Check your mirror so that you know what traffic is behind you and how far away it is. If the lights change to steady amber, you should stop behind the stop line. If you're so close to the stop line when the lights change that to stop may cause a collision, you should continue. You'll only know the risk from traffic behind if you use your mirrors as you approach the lights.

As you approach a left turn, maintain your normal driving position on the left. Don't swing out before you turn, and make sure that you've reduced your speed and are in the correct gear. Look into the road before you turn and give way to any pedestrians who are crossing.

Long white lines with short gaps mean there's a hazard ahead. Often a warning sign will show you the nature of the hazard. Don't cross the line unless you can see the road is clear well ahead and you wish to overtake or turn off.

In some built-up areas, the speed limit may be reduced to 20 mph. Where there are traffic-calming features, the speed limit may be signed as a 20 mph zone with no repeater signs within the zone. Where there are no traffic-calming features, the 20 mph speed limit is signed at each end of the street and with repeater signs in between. Driving at a slower speed will help give you the time and space to see and deal safely with hazards such as pedestrians and parked cars.

Catalytic converters are exhaust-treatment systems that remove most of the harmful compounds from the exhaust gases. These include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. The converter only deals with toxic, polluting gases; carbon dioxide is still produced.

raffic-calming measures, such as road humps, chicanes and narrowings, are intended to slow traffic down and to protect vulnerable road users. Maintain a reduced speed until you reach the end of the traffic-calming zone.

Regardless of a driver's experience, the Mirrors - Signal - Manoeuvre (MSM) routine should be an integral part of their driving. The Manoeuvre part is broken down into P - Position - Position your vehicle correctly and in good time. S - Speed - Adjust your speed as necessary for the manoeuvre. L - Look - Look for other traffic or road users when you reach a point from which you can see. Assess the situation, then decide whether it's safe to proceed and act accordingly.

A primary route is a road of national or regional importance and is the major route between larger towns and cities. The direction signs on these routes have green backgrounds. Many maps and road atlases show these routes in green.

The speed limit on a dual carriageway or motorway is 70 mph for cars and motorcycles, unless there are signs to indicate otherwise. If your car or motorcycle is towing a trailer, then a lower national speed limit applies. The speed limits for different types of vehicle are listed in The Highway Code.

Although there will be times when it's necessary to check blind spots on the move, turning right around is unnecessary and could be dangerous. Regular and sensible use of the mirrors, with a quick sideways glance as necessary, will keep a driver up to date with what's happening all round.

If you realise you've taken a wrong turn when you're driving in a one-way street, don't reverse or turn your vehicle around. Drive on and find another route.

If you brake while travelling in a straight line, the inertia of the vehicle tries to keep it moving forward. This moves the weight of the vehicle forward and onto the front wheels. This extra load on the front tyres will press them more firmly into contact with the road, giving more tyre grip.

While a driving instructor should have a prepared plan for each lesson, there needs to be flexibility in how it's delivered. If one teaching method isn't successful, then other methods need to be tried to find one that works for the pupil.

There are marker posts at 100 metre intervals along the hard shoulder of a motorway. The markers direct you to the nearest emergency telephone, so follow them if you've broken down.

You should keep to the left and only use the centre or right-hand lanes if you're passing slower-moving traffic.

Before you start a motorway journey, make sure that your vehicle can cope with the demands of continuous high-speed travel. To reduce the risk of your vehicle breaking down, check the oil, water and tyres before setting off. If you're travelling a long way, it's also a good idea to plan your rest stops in advance.

Take care to understand what the approaching driver intends, as this may determine your approach. Turning behind the approaching vehicle, wherever possible, will ensure that your view of the road ahead isn't blocked. At some junctions, the layout may make it difficult to turn this way; if this is the case, be prepared to pass in front of the other vehicle. At some junctions, the lane markings direct you to turn this way.

A new car in Great Britain doesn't require an MOT test certificate until it's three years old. At all times, it's the driver's responsibility to ensure that the vehicle they're driving is roadworthy.

Seat belts should be worn at all times, unless you're carrying out a manoeuvre that involves reversing. The seat belt should be put back on when you've finished the manoeuvre.

Knowing the sequence of traffic lights allows you to plan your approach. This can help prevent excessive braking or hesitation at the junction.

Spilled fuel wastes money, damages the environment and makes the road surface slippery. This can be particularly dangerous for motorcyclists. Ensuring that you replace the fuel filler cap securely will prevent fuel spilling from your vehicle's fuel tank.

If you want to turn left and there's a cyclist in front of you, hold back. Wait until the cyclist has passed the junction and then turn left behind them.

Make sure that you don't swing out into the centre of the road just before turning left. Stay in your normal driving position, so that other road users don't misunderstand your intentions.

You may need to check your pupil's understanding by asking questions. If they offer a partially correct answer, you should confirm the correct parts and, to complete their understanding, give them feedback on where they went wrong.

The sign shows a mandatory cycle lane, and drivers mustn't park or drive in it during its times of operation. The lane will be marked by a solid white line on the road. Where the cycle lane is advisory, it will be marked by a broken white line. There'll also be a similar sign that shows a cycle on a blue background but without the lane represented. Don't drive in this lane unless it's unavoidable.

When parking on a road at night, all vehicles must display parking lights when the road has a speed limit greater than 30 mph.

Any more weight than this will take the vehicle into a different category, therefore making it unsuitable for a category B driving test.

Yellow lines are painted across the road on the approach to some roundabouts. The lines are usually found on dual carriageways, where traffic speeds are higher, or at the end of motorway exit slip roads. They provide a visual warning to remind drivers to check their speed.

Ring roads are designed to keep traffic away from town centres. Unless you need to visit the town centre, you should use the ring road, as this will help to avoid congestion and reduce your journey time.

The lane under a gantry signal showing a red cross with flashing red lights is closed to traffic. You shouldn't proceed past that point in that lane. Should other lanes be open, move to a different lane and proceed with care. If red signals are shown above all lanes, then all lanes are closed: you must stop and wait for the lights to change or until you're directed to move.