ADI Free Test #4

You must be medically fit to drive. All issues relating to alcohol, drugs or health have to be reported to the DVLA Drivers Medical Group or, in Northern Ireland, the DVA Drivers Medical Section. If a licence is revoked for any health-related reason, you must reapply to the relevant medical branch and satisfy them that you're now fit to drive before they'll issue the appropriate licence for the category you require.

Pupils should be advised to look for information signs and road markings in order to select the appropriate lane on approach to roundabouts. They should get in the correct lane in good time and avoid straddling or changing lanes at the last moment.

If your usual techniques or methods don't appear to be working, you should discuss the matter with your pupil, and explore alternative ways of getting the point across.

Provided they're breathing, unconscious casualties shouldn't usually be moved. The exception to this is when there's further danger; for example, from other traffic or from fire. Moving a person unnecessarily could cause further injury.

Where a motorway has a steep uphill gradient, slow-moving, large vehicles might get in the way of other traffic. An extra lane on the left may be provided for these slow-moving vehicles. It allows faster-moving traffic to flow more easily.

Serious incidents have occurred when vehicles or people on the hard shoulder have been struck by vehicles using the left-hand lane of the motorway. While using the emergency telephone, be alert and watch for approaching traffic.

Fog lights should only be used when visibility is seriously reduced. They must be switched off when visibility improves, to avoid dazzling other road users.

A mirror with convex glass gives a wide field of vision. This makes everything appear smaller and further away than it would look in a flat mirror.

Always drive defensively. If a vehicle cuts in after overtaking, it's important to re-establish a safe separation gap. Check the mirrors and drop back to maintain your safe gap.

Only use your fog lights when visibility is seriously reduced. Use dipped headlights at other times when visibility is poor. Your headlights and tail lights help others on the road to see you. It may be necessary to turn them on during the day if visibility is reduced; for example, due to heavy rain.

If the road surface is loose, it's possible for the loose surfaces to slide over each other. A vehicle's tyres may grip the surface layer but this may slide across a lower layer. An anti-lock braking system would be less effective in this situation.

A vehicle fitted with an automatic transmission usually changes to a higher gear as its speed increases and to a lower gear as it falls. It will also change down to a lower gear going uphill, as the load on the engine increases. However, there are times when you need to stay in a low gear even if the speed is constant and the load is light - for example, when going down a steep hill. The system normally tries to change to a higher gear in these situations; the driver is usually able to override the system by using the gear selector to stay in a low gear.

Use the hard shoulder to gain speed and indicate your intention, but don't force your way into the traffic. Wait for a safe gap in the traffic in the left-hand lane before you rejoin the main carriageway.

Before you change lane in a traffic queue, look for motorcyclists who may be filtering between the lanes of traffic. Make sure you look properly, as a motorcycle is small and easy to overlook.

White lights at the rear of a car show that the driver has selected reverse gear. When reversing, the driver's view of the road is likely to be reduced. Sound your horn to warn of your presence and be ready to stop if necessary.

Some junctions only have 'give way' lines. This is usually where there's relatively little traffic. 'Give way' signs, and/or road markings, show you that traffic on the road you want to enter has priority.

You mustn't sound your vehicle's horn in a built-up area while stationary on the road, or between the hours of 11.30 pm and 7.00 am. The exception is if another road user poses a danger.

Waiting restrictions help to keep the road clear by preventing parking that will hinder the flow of traffic. Waiting restrictions on urban clearways allow vehicles to stop and pick up or set down passengers, even during their hours of operation.

You should approach mini-roundabouts in the same way as normal roundabouts. All vehicles must pass around the central markings except vehicles that are physically incapable of doing so, such as long vehicles or vehicles towing trailers.

An incorrectly adjusted head restraint will offer reduced protection against whiplash injury. When adjusting the head restraint, set it so that it's at least as high as the eyes or top of the ears.

When preparing to turn left into a side road, you should be prepared for obstructions or vehicles that may wish to stop and park. This could be before or after the turning.

Although cars are the least likely to be affected, side winds can affect anyone, especially
- after overtaking a large vehicle
- when passing gaps between hedges or buildings
- on exposed sections of road.

The fuel in your vehicle can be a dangerous fire hazard. A strong smell of petrol may indicate a fuel leak and needs investigating. Don't use a naked flame near the vehicle if you can smell fuel, and don't smoke when refuelling your vehicle.

Hatch markings are used to separate traffic and to protect traffic turning right. Where the boundary line is broken, you may enter the area only if necessary and provided you can see that it's safe. A continuous white line defining the hatched area means that you mustn't enter, except in an emergency. All other rules of the road apply as normal.

As you approach a left turn, maintain your normal driving position on the left. Don't swing out before you turn, and make sure that you've reduced your speed and are in the correct gear. Look into the road before you turn and give way to any pedestrians who are crossing.

An amber flashing light on a vehicle indicates that it's slow-moving. Mobility scooters used by disabled people are limited to no more than 8 mph. On dual carriageways, they must display an amber flashing light.

You should agree a plan with your pupil at the start of a lesson. However, as the lesson progresses it may become clear that the plan needs to be adapted - for example, if there's a gap in the pupil's knowledge that needs to be filled before they can proceed. You should agree with your pupil how to deal with that gap, even if it means changing the original lesson plan.

If you wish to carry a heavy load on your vehicle, it's your responsibility to ensure that the load is secure and the vehicle isn't overloaded.

If your tyres show uneven or excessive wear, have the alignment checked. This is often called tracking, and it can be carried out by most garages or tyre-fitting businesses.

If you're driving a vehicle that breaks down on an automatic level crossing, don't delay in getting everyone out of the vehicle and well clear of the crossing. You should then use the emergency telephone to tell the signal operator of the obstruction.