Free ADI Band 2 Theory Test

The speed limit on a dual carriageway or motorway is 70 mph for cars and motorcycles, unless there are signs to indicate otherwise. If your car or motorcycle is towing a trailer, then a lower national speed limit applies. The speed limits for different types of vehicle are listed in The Highway Code.

If the lights at a level crossing continue to flash after a train has passed, wait, as there might be another train coming. Time seems to pass slowly when you're held up in a queue. Be patient; there's a good safety reason why the barriers have remained down and the lights continue to flash.

Where there are double white lines in the middle of the road and the line nearest to you is broken, you may cross the lines to overtake, provided it's safe and you can complete the manoeuvre before reaching a solid white line on your side.

Before you enter a roundabout, you normally give way to any traffic approaching from your immediate right. In a few cases, however, traffic on the roundabout has to give way to traffic entering. Look out for 'give way' signs, road markings and traffic lights on the roundabout.

Some bus lanes only operate during peak hours and other vehicles may use them outside these hours. Make sure you check the sign for the hours of operation before driving in a bus lane. Where no hours are shown, the bus lane operates 24 hours a day.

Exterior mirrors are designed to be convex. This gives a wide angle of view and helps to reduce blind areas. However, a vehicle behind will appear smaller and further away in a convex mirror, so it could be closer than you think.

If you brake while travelling in a straight line, the inertia of the vehicle tries to keep it moving forward. This moves the weight of the vehicle forward and onto the front wheels. This extra load on the front tyres will press them more firmly into contact with the road, giving more tyre grip.

'Coasting' is the term used when the clutch is held down or the gear lever is in neutral and the vehicle is allowed to freewheel. This reduces the driver's control of the vehicle because the engine isn't connected to the driven wheels. This removes the assistance of engine braking and the stability of a powered drive train.

On vehicles fitted with an anti-lock braking system, it's generally recommended that, once you've applied the brake, you keep your foot firmly on the pedal until you've stopped. Releasing the brake and reapplying it will momentarily disengage the anti-lock braking system and may increase your stopping distance.

If your car is fitted with an anti-lock braking system (ABS), this will activate when you brake so hard that the tyres start to lose their grip on the road surface. At this point, the wheels would normally lock up and a skid would start. The ABS senses the wheel locking and releases the brake pressure just enough to avoid the skid. It then cycles through applying and releasing the brake pressure many times per second. This ensures maximum braking for the available grip is constantly applied without the wheels locking.

You can move into a box junction as long as your exit road is clear. You can stop and wait in the junction when you want to turn right and have to wait for a gap in the oncoming traffic.

Check the vehicle handbook: this should give you guidance on the correct tyre pressures for your vehicle. There may be recommendations to increase the tyre pressure when carrying heavy loads or when travelling continuously at higher speeds, such as when using a motorway.

If you find yourself having to stop in an emergency, it's important that your vehicle remains under control. If you lose control, you may make the situation worse. Having both hands on the wheel during braking will help you to control the steering as you stop.

Black ice makes a road look damp, and you may not be able to see that it's icy. Signs that indicate you may be on black ice include
- your steering suddenly feels light
- a lack of road noise from your tyres.

Strict controls on exhaust emissions require a catalytic converter to be fitted to the exhaust system of all new vehicles. Catalytic converters remove most of the carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbons from the exhaust gases.

Yellow lines are painted across the road on the approach to some roundabouts. The lines are usually found on dual carriageways, where traffic speeds are higher, or at the end of motorway exit slip roads. They provide a visual warning to remind drivers to check their speed.

The 'max speed' plate advises the maximum safe speed for negotiating the hazard shown on the warning sign. Drivers should slow down, as the hazard can be deceiving; for example, a bend may be much sharper than it initially appears.

Category: Band 2 traffic signs and signals

Most bus lanes may also be used by cyclists. The bus-lane sign will show its times of operation (where time limits apply) and any other vehicles that may also use the bus lane.

When driving through shallow flood water or fords, drive through slowly, in a low gear, while keeping the engine speed high by slipping the clutch; this should prevent water from entering the exhaust system. Check for traffic behind you and, if it's safe to do so, try your brakes as soon as you're clear of the water. Don't attempt to drive through deep or fast-flowing flood water.